SURGERY
If medication does not control a patient’s epilepsy, he or she is considered medically refractory and surgery may be a viable option for some patients.
Epilepsy surgery is performed by a neurosurgeon and can be either palliative (to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures) or curative in some cases. This surgery usually involves removing or resecting the abnormal area of the brain that is causing seizures.
Patients with medically infractory epilepsy who are not candidates for resective surgery may qualify for a vagus nerve simulator or responsive neurostimulator (RNS, DBS) which also help reduce the frequency of seizures.